Process of forming turned articles and die for same



v (No Model.)

F. P. OLDS.

PROCESS OF FORMING TURNED ARTICLES AND DIE FOR SAME.

No. 531,805. Patented Jan. 1, 1895.

q/v L bmeaoeo UNrTED STATES PATENT mics,

FRANK P. OLDS, OF HAMMETT, PENNSYLVANIA.

PROCESS OF FORMING TURNED ARTICLES AND DIE FOR SAME.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 531,805, dated J annary1, 1895.

Application filed June.28;1893. :Serial No. 179,075. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known, that I, FRANK P. OLDS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Ham' mett, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania,have invented certain new andnseful Improvements in the Art or' Processof Forming Turned Articles and Diesfor Same; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same.

This invention relates to the art of forming turned articles and diesfor the same, and consists in certain improvements in the method andconstruction, thereof as will be hereinafter fully described and pointedout in the claims.

The invention is particularly adapted to the forming of turned articlesof fibrous material, and especially to articles of wood having the grainacross the axis.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings as follows:

Figure 1 shows an article in a lathe and the dies in section in positionto be operated. Figs. 2 and 3 are elevations of the dies showing theirsurfaces. Fig. i is a front elevation of the dies closed or in positionto complete the forming.

A marks the article to be formed; D, the lathe spindle; D, the mandrel,on which the article is carried, B B, the forming dies having theirfaces of the form desired to be given to the article, and C tongsattached to the dies and forming means of bringing the diescompressively against the article.

The dies have slots, B B, to allow them to be passed over the mandrel tothe center, and are provided with alternate project-ions, b, anddepressing b, on their inner edges, so placed on the dies with referenceto each other as to pass in mesh, as shown in Fig. 4:, so as tocompletely cover the article to be formed. The projections, b, are soplaced as to equalize their opposing surfaces, so that the dies willcenter themselves.

The process or operation is as follows: The block is shaped in the roughin any of the usual methods, and placed on a rapidly revolving spindle.The dies are heated to a sufiicient heat to readily char the wood orother material, and are then applied in the heated condition withpressure to the block. As the material becomes charred, it is removed bythe movement of the block against the dies, and,'thus, a fresh surfaceis'brought againstthe dies, charred and removed, and so on until thearticle assumes the form desired.

This method will be found especially advantageous in turning woodarticles in which the grain is across, or at right angles to, the axisof the turned article. It has been customary to turn such articles withknives shaped so as to give the desired form to the article. When thegrain is across the axis, it is next to impossible to get the knives setat all points at the proper angle, and keep them sufficiently sharp, tocut the block clean and smooth. At certain points in the circumference,where the grain presentsitself running in a direction toward the knivesas the block is revolved, the knives invariably leave a rough surface,which when it is desired that the article shall be smooth, must beremoved by means of sand paper or some similiar process. For thesereasons, my device is particularly desirable for forming wooden disks ofthe shape shown in the drawings, which are adapted for use for valvewheels or handles, and in which, in order to get the proper strength,the grain is across the axis, and as they are usually given an ebonyfinish, the charring assists materially in the finishing, and the diskscome from the lathe smooth and ready for polishing.

If but one side of the article is to be formed, but one dye will benecessary, the only requirement being that it be brought against theblock in motion. As it is only necessary that there be a movablecontact, the die may he sometimes advantageously revolved, and theblocks brought against it.

To facilitate the operation of the die, it has a grinding surface,formed by grooves or furrows, 12 which preferably pass entirely throughthe die. By this means, as the material is charred, it is immediatelyground 0% and removed through the passages 5 so that there is always afresh surface exposed to the charring action of the dye, and when theforming operation is completed, the article presents a hard smoothsurface, practically grinding die into revolving contact, underpressure, with the material to be formed, said die being so heated as toreadily char the material to be formed and so applied as tosimultaneously burn and grind the block to be formed to the shapedesired.

2. A die having a grinding surface and adapted to be heated and havingopenings through it for the passage of Waste material for the purposeset forth.

3. The combination of a die adapted to b heated for turning one surfaceof a block by charring and removing by revoluble contact substantiallyas described, a similiar die for forming the opposite surface oppositelyplaced, and means for bringing them compressively against said block.

4. The combination of a die adapted to be heated for turning one surfaceof a disk by charring and removing by revoluble contact substantially asdescribed, projections at the edges thereof, a die for forming theopposite surface oppositely placed, projections at the edges thereofthat mesh the projections of the opposite die, and means of bringingsaid dies compressively against said block.

5. The combination of a die for forming one surface of the block,substantially as described, having a slot, B, therein to pass the blockspindle or mandrel, and a similiar die oppositely placed for forming theopposite surface and having a slot, 13, for the purpose set forth, andmeans of bringing said dies compressively against said block.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

FRANK P. OLDS.

Witnesses:

O. B. HAYES, H. O. LORD.

